| 丁圣修,吕奔阳,丁文均,徐婧,李伟,范芯卉,王一涵,刘凤海,包名家.化学通报,2025,88(12):1259-1267. |
| 金属有机骨架/石墨烯基复合材料构建电化学传感器检测重金属离子的研究进展 |
| Research Progress on MOFs/Graphene-Based Composite Materials for Electrochemical Sensing of Heavy Metal Ions |
| 投稿时间：2025-08-06 修订日期：2025-09-22 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 金属有机框架(MOFs) 石墨烯基材料 电化学传感器 重金属污染 |
| 英文关键词:Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), graphene-based materials, electrochemical sensors, heavy metal contamination |
| 基金项目:黑龙江省重点研发计划项目(2024ZX12C34)和黑龙江省省属高校基本科研业务费(2024-KYYWF-0491)资助 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 重金属离子检测对医学诊断、环境监测及食品安全至关重要。 因其环境蓄积性强且致病风险高，建立高效灵敏的检测方法对保障公共健康与生态安全尤为关键。电化学传感技术因其简便快速的优势备受关注。金属有机框架（MOFs）具有高比表面积、丰富活性位点和优异吸附性能，石墨烯基材料则具备卓越导电性与化学稳定性。二者复合形成的MOFs/石墨烯基复合材料能发挥协同效应，显著提升传感器的灵敏度与选择性。通过精准设计材料结构，可构建针对特定重金属离子的特异性识别空腔，进一步增强吸附识别能力。目前该类传感器已成功应用于多种重金属离子检测，但复杂基质干扰和长期稳定性仍是主要挑战。本文系统综述了MOFs/石墨烯基复合材料的主要合成策略，总结其在重金属离子电化学检测中的技术进展与应用案例，深入分析当前瓶颈问题并展望未来发展，旨在为开发高效稳定检测体系提供理论参考，推动其商业化和应用效能提升。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Heavy metal ion detection is crucial for medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and food safety. Due to their strong environmental persistence and high pathogenic risks, establishing highly efficient and sensitive detection methods is essential for safeguarding public health and ecological security. Electrochemical sensing technology has garnered significant attention owing to its simplicity, rapidity, and low cost.Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess high specific surface area, abundant active sites, and excellent adsorption capabilities, while graphene-based offers exceptional electrical conductivity and chemical stability. The composite formed by combining these two materials, MOFs/graphene-based, leverages synergistic effects to significantly enhance the sensitivity and selectivity of sensors. Through precise structural design, specific recognition cavities tailored for particular heavy metal ions can be constructed, further strengthening adsorption and recognition capabilities.Although such sensors have been successfully applied for detecting various heavy metal ions, interference from complex matrices and long-term stability remain major challenges. This article systematically reviews the primary synthesis strategies of MOFs/graphene-based composites, summarizes their technological advancements and application cases in the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions, provides an in-depth analysis of current bottlenecks, and offers perspectives on future development. It aims to provide theoretical references for developing highly efficient and stable detection systems, thereby promoting their commercial viability and enhancing practical application efficacy. |
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